欧博abg

鏃嬭姳绉戠敇钖睘鐢樿柉 (lpomoea batatas L.)涓骞寸敓鎴栧骞寸敓钄撴ц崏鏈弻瀛愬彾妞嶇墿锛屾槸涓栫晫绗竷澶х伯椋熶綔鐗╋紝鍦ㄦ垜鍥藉凡鏈400浣欏勾鐨勭妞嶅彶锛屼负鎴戝浗绗笁澶у潡鏍逛綔鐗 (浠呮浜庨┈閾冭柉鍜屾湪)銆

鑷1963骞翠互鏉ワ紝鎴戝浗鐢樿柉鐨勭妞嶉潰绉拰浜ч噺涓鐩寸ǔ灞呬笘鐣岄浣嶃傚氨鎴戝浗鐢樿柉鐨勬暣浣撶敓浜ц岃█锛岃嚜1963骞寸妞嶉潰绉揪鍒板嘲鍊 (964涓囧叕椤)鍚庝竴鐩村憟涓嬮檷瓒嬪娍锛岃嚦2019骞寸妞嶉潰绉凡闄嶈嚦237涓囧叕椤枫佹讳骇閲5200涓囧惃锛屽垎鍒害鍗犱笘鐣岀敇钖妞嶉潰绉拰鎬讳骇閲忕殑31%鍜57%銆傜敱浜庢垜鍥界敇钖妞嶈寖鍥村箍銆佺钖绻佽皟杩愩侀暱鏈熻繛浣滐紝鐢熶骇杩囩▼涓浜庨珮娓╁闆ㄦ湡锛屽悇绉嶇梾鍘熻弻銆佸铏佹潅鑽夌瓑鏈夊鐢熺墿棰戠箒娲诲姩锛岃嚧浣跨敇钖伃鍙椾笉鍚岀▼搴︾殑鍗卞锛屼弗閲嶅埗绾︿簡鐢樿柉浜ч噺鍜屽搧璐ㄧ殑鎻愬崌銆鏈枃缁艰堪褰掔撼浜嗘垜鍥界敇钖梾铏崏瀹充娇鐢ㄥ啘鑽骇鍝佺櫥璁扮幇鐘讹紝骞跺鍏舵婚噺瑙勬ā銆佷骇鍝佺粨鏋勩佺绫荤姸鎬併佸墏鍨嬬被鍒佹瘨鎬х瓑绾с佹柊鍝佺鍜岀敓浜т紒涓氬垎甯冩儏鍐佃繘琛屼簡鎬荤粨浠ユ湡涓轰繚璇佷腑鍥界伯椋熷畨鍏ㄣ佺敇钖骇涓氬仴搴峰彂灞曞拰涔℃潙鎸叴鎻愪緵鍙傝冦

鎴戝浗鐢樿柉鐢ㄥ啘鑽櫥璁版讳綋鎯呭喌

锛堜竴锛夎柉鑺嬬被钄彍鐢ㄨ嵂鐧昏鎯呭喌

鎴嚦2022骞10鏈30鏃ワ紝鎴戝浗钖妺绫讳綔鐗╋紙鍖呮嫭椹搩钖佸銆佺敇钖佸北鑽佽妺鍜岄瓟鑺嬶級鐢ㄥ啘鑽櫥璁颁骇鍝佸叡鏈940涓紙瑙佽〃1锛夈傚師鑽紙TC锛1涓紝鍒跺墏939涓傚叾涓潃鑿屽墏浜у搧566涓紝鍗犵櫥璁拌柉鑺嬬被钄彍鐢ㄨ嵂鎬绘暟鐨60.21%锛涙潃铏墏浜у搧149涓涔嬶紝鍗犵櫥璁拌柉鑺嬬被钄彍鐢ㄨ嵂鎬绘暟鐨15.85%锛涢櫎鑽夊墏浜у搧136涓暐閫婏紝鍗犵櫥璁拌柉鑺嬬被钄彍鎬绘暟鐨14.46%锛涙鐗╃敓闀胯皟鑺傚墏浜у搧76涓紝鍏朵粬鍐滆嵂浜у搧13涓傚凡鐧昏鍐滆嵂浣庢瘨浠ヤ笅浜у搧877涓紝鍗犳瘮涓93.29%銆

锛堜簩锛夋垜鍥界敇钖敤鍐滆嵂鐧昏鐜扮姸

1. 鎬婚噺瑙勬ā

浠庡彂灞曡秼鍔挎潵鐪嬶紝1984骞翠互鏉ョ敇钖敤鍐滆嵂浜у搧鐧昏鍛堢紦鎱㈠闀胯秼鍔匡紝浼佷笟鏁板勾鍧囧骞1.2%锛屼骇鍝佹绘暟骞村潎澧炲箙2.25%銆傛埅鑷2022骞11鏈1鏃ワ紝鎴戝浗鍦ㄧ敇钖笂鐧昏鐨勬湁鏁堟湡鍐呯殑浼佷笟71瀹讹紝浜у搧鎬婚噺89涓紙瑙佸浘1锛夛紝绾︽瘮椹搩钖笂鐧昏鐨勫啘鑽骇鍝佹婚噺灏85%锛屼絾杩滃浜庤寗瀛愩佽姤钃濄侀潚鑺辫彍銆佽姳妞拌彍銆佽幋鑻ｃ佽姤鑿溿佹磱钁便侀瓟鑺嬨佽妺銆佸北鑽佽暪鑿溿侀潚鑿溿佽悵鍗溿佽睂璞嗐佹墎璞嗐佸崡鐡溿佸啲鐡溿佽妭鐡溿佽彍鐡溿佷笣鐡溿佽タ钁姦绛夊叾浠栬敩鑿滀笂鐧昏鐨勫啘鑽骇鍝併傜粡缁熻锛89涓櫥璁颁骇鍝佸寘鎷85涓崟鍒跺墏鍜4涓贩閰嶅埗鍓傦紝鍒嗗埆鍗犵敇钖櫥璁板啘鑽绘暟鐨95.5%鍜4.5%锛屽叡娑夊強鏈夋晥鎴愬垎23绉嶃

2. 浜у搧缁撴瀯

浠庡啘鑽骇鍝佺被鍒粨鏋勬潵鐪嬶紝鐢樿柉涓婄櫥璁扮殑鍐滆嵂浜у搧鏈夊洓绫伙紝鍏朵腑鏉鑿屽墏浜у搧36涓佹潃铏墏浜у搧32涓佹鐗╃敓闀胯皟鑺傚墏浜у搧12涓侀櫎鑽夊墏浜у搧9涓紝鍒嗗埆鍗犵敇钖敤鍐滆嵂鐧昏鎬绘暟鐨40%銆36%銆14%銆10%锛堣鍥2锛夈

锛1锛夋潃鑿屽墏

鍦ㄧ櫥璁扮殑鐢樿柉鐢ㄦ潃鑿屽墏涓紝鍏辩櫥璁板啘鑽骇鍝41涓紝鍧囦负鍗曞墏銆傚叾涓互鐢樿柉榛戞枒鐥呯櫥璁扮殑鍐滆嵂浜у搧鏁伴噺鏈澶氾紝鏈35涓紙瑙佽〃2锛夛紱鐢樿柉鑼庣嚎铏梾娆′箣锛屾湁6涓紙瑙佽〃3锛屽惈鑼庣嚎铏佺嚎铏級銆

鐢樿柉涓婄櫥璁扮殑鏉鑿屽墏浜у搧涓紙鍚潃铏墏銆佹潃铏墏/鏉绾胯櫕鍓傦級锛屽疄闄呯櫥璁扮殑鏈夋晥鎴愬垎鏈10绉嶏紝鍧囦负鍗曞墏锛堣琛4锛夈傜櫥璁扮殑鏉鑿屽墏鍗曞墏闆嗕腑鍦ㄥ墠3绉嶆湁鏁堟垚鍒嗭紙瑙佽〃4锛夛紝绾﹀崰鐢樿柉鐢版潃鑿屽墏鍗曞墏鐧昏鎬婚噺鐨83%銆

鍗曞墏鐧昏鏁伴噺鏈澶氱殑涓虹敳鍩虹～鑿岀伒锛屾湁27涓櫥璁颁骇鍝侊紝鍗犲崟鍓傛绘暟鐨66%锛涗唬妫摰鐧昏5涓紝鍗犳瘮涓12%锛涘叾浣欎骇鍝9涓紝鍗犳瘮涓22%銆

锛2锛夋潃铏墏

鍦ㄧ櫥璁扮殑鐢樿柉鐢ㄦ潃铏墏涓紝鍏辩櫥璁板啘鑽骇鍝27涓紝鍧囦负鍗曞墏銆傚叾涓紝浠ョ敇钖皬璞＄敳鐧昏鐨勫啘鑽骇鍝佹暟閲忔渶澶氾紝鏈18涓紙瑙佽〃5锛夛紱鐢樿柉澶╄浘娆′箣锛屾湁8涓紝鍏朵綑涓虹敇钖枩绾瑰铔1涓

鐢樿柉涓婄櫥璁扮殑鏉铏墏浜у搧涓紙鍚潃铏墏/鏉铻ㄥ墏锛夛紝瀹為檯鐧昏鐨勬湁鏁堟垚鍒嗘湁4绉嶏紝鍧囦负鍗曞墏锛堣琛6锛夈傜櫥璁扮殑鏉铏墏鍗曞墏闆嗕腑鍦ㄥ墠3绉嶆湁鏁堟垚鍒嗭紙瑙佽〃6锛夛紝绾﹀崰鐢樿柉鐢版潃铏墏鍗曞墏鐧昏鎬婚噺鐨96%銆

鍗曞墏鐧昏鏁伴噺鏈澶氱殑涓轰箰鏋滐紝鏈14涓櫥璁颁骇鍝侊紝鍗犲崟鍓傛绘暟鐨51.85%锛涜嫃浜戦噾鏉嗚弻鐧昏8涓紝鍗犳瘮涓29.62%锛涙潃铻熺～纾风櫥璁4涓紝鍗犳瘮涓14.81%銆

锛3锛夋鐗╃敓闀胯皟鑺傚墏

鐧昏鐨勭敇钖敤妞嶇墿鐢熼暱璋冭妭鍓備腑锛屾湁鍗曞墏9涓佹贩鍓3涓傚叾涓紝浠ヨ皟鑺傜敓闀跨櫥璁扮殑鍐滆嵂浜у搧鏁伴噺鏈澶氾紝鏈10涓紙瑙佽〃7锛夛紱鎺у埗钘よ敁銆佸浜у拰淇冭繘鐢熼暱鍚1涓

鐢樿柉涓婄櫥璁扮殑妞嶇墿鐢熼暱璋冭妭鍓備骇鍝佷腑锛屽疄闄呯櫥璁扮殑鏈夋晥鎴愬垎鏈5绉嶏紝鍏朵腑鍗曞墏3绉嶏紙瑙佽〃8锛夈佹贩鍓2绉嶏紝鑰屾贩鍓備腑浠呯儻鏁堝攽銆佽皟鐜吀閽2绉嶆湁鏁堟垚鍒嗭紝鏈互鍗曞墏褰㈠紡鍦ㄧ敇钖笂鐧昏銆傜櫥璁扮殑妞嶇墿鐢熼暱璋冭妭鍓傚崟鍓傞泦涓湪姘寲鑳嗙⒈銆佺敳鍝岄帗2绉嶆湁鏁堟垚鍒嗭紝鍗犵敇钖敤妞嶇墿鐢熼暱璋冭妭鍓傚崟鍓傜櫥璁版婚噺鐨88.88%銆

鍗曞墏鐧昏鏁伴噺鏈澶氱殑涓烘隘鍖栬儐纰憋紝鏈6涓櫥璁颁骇鍝侊紝鍗犲崟鍓傜櫥璁版绘暟鐨66.66%锛涚敳鍝岄帗2涓紝鍗犳瘮涓22.22%銆傜櫥璁扮殑娣峰墏涓紝姘儐路钀樹箼閰哥殑鐧昏鏁伴噺鏈澶氾紝鏈2涓紝鍗犳墍鏈夋贩鍓傜櫥璁版暟閲忕殑66.66%锛涜皟鐜吀閽櫬风儻鏁堝攽鐨勭櫥璁版暟閲忔涔嬶紝鏈1涓

锛4锛夐櫎鑽夊墏

鍦ㄧ櫥璁扮殑鐢樿柉鐢ㄩ櫎鑽夊墏涓紝鏈夊崟鍒跺墏8涓佹贩鍓1涓傚叾涓紝浠ラ様鍙舵潅鑽夌櫥璁扮殑鍐滆嵂浜у搧鏁伴噺鏈澶氾紝鏈4涓紝鎺ョ潃涓骞寸敓闃斿彾鏉傝崏鏈2涓紝鍏朵綑涓轰竴骞寸敓鏉傝崏銆佷竴骞寸敓绂炬湰绉戞潅鑽夈佷竴骞寸敓绂炬湰绉戞潅鑽夊強閮ㄥ垎灏忕矑绉嶅瓙闃斿彾鏉傝崏鍚1涓

鐢樿柉涓婄櫥璁扮殑闄よ崏鍓備骇鍝佷腑锛屽疄闄呯櫥璁扮殑鏈夋晥鎴愬垎4绉嶏紝鍧囦负鍗曞墏锛屾湁4绫4绉嶏紙瑙佽〃9锛夈傜櫥璁扮殑闄よ崏鍓傚崟鍓備富瑕侀泦涓湪鐏崏鏉俱佸攽鍢х：鑽夎兒2绉嶆湁鏁堟垚鍒嗭紝鍗犵敇钖櫎鑽夊墏鍗曞墏鐧昏鎬绘暟鐨75%銆

鍗曞墏鐧昏鏁伴噺鏈澶氱殑涓虹伃鑽夋澗锛岀櫥璁颁骇鍝佹湁4涓紝鍗犲崟鍓傛绘暟鐨50%锛涘攽鍢х：鑽夎兒娆′箣锛屾湁2涓紝鍗犳瘮涓25%锛涘叾浣欎负绮惧柟绂剧伒銆佸紓涓欒崏鑳哄悇鐧昏1涓傜櫥璁扮殑闄よ崏鍓傛贩鍓備骇鍝佷粎鏈1涓紙绮惧柟绂剧伒路鍞戝槯纾鸿崏鑳猴級锛岄槻娌诲璞′负鐢樿柉鐢颁竴骞寸敓鏉傝崏銆

3. 绉嶇被鐘舵

浠庡啘鑽绫荤姸鎬佹潵鐪嬶紝鐢樿柉浣跨敤鍐滆嵂鐧昏浠ュ寲瀛﹀啘鑽负涓伙紝娑夊強鐧昏浜у搧78涓紝鍗犳瘮楂樿揪87.64%锛涚敓鐗╁啘鑽殑鐧昏浜у搧鏈11涓紝鍗犵櫥璁颁骇鍝佹绘暟鐨12.36%銆

4. 鍓傚瀷绫诲埆

89涓櫥璁颁骇鍝佷腑锛屾秹鍙婄櫥璁板啘鑽殑鍓傚瀷绫诲埆鍜屾墍鍗犳暟閲忚鍥3銆傜櫥璁版暟閲忓眳棣栦綅鐨勪负鍙箍鎬х矇鍓傦紙WP锛夛紝鍏辨湁34涓紝鍗犵敇钖敤鑽櫥璁版绘暟鐨38.2%锛涘叾娆′负涔虫补锛圗C锛21涓佹按鍓傦紙AS锛15涓紝鍗犳瘮鍒嗗埆涓23.59%銆16.85%锛涘叾鍚庝緷娆′负鎮诞鍓傦紙SC锛5涓紝鎺ョ潃寰泭鎮诞鍓傦紙CS锛夊拰棰楃矑鍓傦紙GR锛夊悇3涓紝绱ч殢鍏跺悗鐨勬槸鍙垎鏁ｆ补鎮诞鍓傦紙OD锛夈佸彲婧舵恫鍓傦紙SL锛夈佸彲婧剁矇鍓傦紙SP锛夊悇2涓紝鍏朵綑涓哄井涔冲墏锛圡E锛夈佸師鑽紙TC锛夊潎涓1涓

5. 姣掓х瓑绾

鐢樿柉涓婂啘鑽櫥璁颁骇鍝佺殑姣掓х粺璁¤鍥4锛屼綆姣掑啘鑽搧绉64涓紝鍗犵櫥璁板啘鑽绘暟鐨72%锛涗腑绛夋瘨鍐滆嵂鍝佺21涓紝鍗犳瘮24%锛涘叾浣欎负寰瘨3涓佸墽姣1涓紝璇存槑鎴戝浗鐢樿柉涓婄櫥璁板啘鑽骇鍝佺殑姣掓х瓑绾ф湁寰呮敼鍠勩

6. 鏂板搧绉

鎴戝浗鐢樿柉涓2015-2022骞达紙11鏈1鏃ワ級鐧昏鍐滆嵂鏂板搧绉嶄骇鍝佸叡璁6绉8涓紝鍗犵敇钖笂鐧昏鍐滆嵂鎬绘暟鐨8.98%锛屽叾涓櫥璁版潃鑿屽墏鏂板搧绉嶄骇鍝2绉3涓紝鍗犵櫥璁板啘鑽柊鍝佺鎬绘暟鐨37.5%锛涢櫎鑽夊墏鏂板搧绉嶄骇鍝2绉3涓紝鍗犳瘮37.5%锛涙潃铏墏鍜屾鐗╃敓闀胯皟鑺傚墏鏂板搧绉嶄骇鍝佸叡2绉2涓紝鍚堣鍗犳瘮涓25%銆

杩戝勾鏉ワ紝鎴戝浗鐢樿柉鐧昏鍐滆嵂鏂板搧绉嶄腑鐢熺墿鍐滆嵂浠1绉嶏紙瑙佽〃10锛夛紝鍗犻鐧诲啘鑽柊鍝佺鐨16.66%锛岃鏄庢垜鍥界敇钖娇鐢ㄧ敓鐗╁啘鑽柊鍝佺杈冨皬楹︿笂鐧昏鐢熺墿鍐滆嵂鏂板搧绉嶈繘绋嬭緝鎱2015-2022骞达紙11鏈1鏃ワ級鐢樿柉涓婂浗鍐呫佸浗澶栦紒涓氶鐧诲寲瀛﹀啘鑽柊鍝佺鍜屽勾浠藉垎鍒琛11銆佽〃12銆

7. 棰嗗厛鐪佷唤鍜屼唬琛ㄤ紒涓

缁忕粺璁★紝鎴戝浗鐢樿柉浣跨敤鍐滆嵂鐢熶骇浼佷笟鍏71瀹讹紝鍒嗗竷鍦ㄦ垜鍥20涓渷锛堣嚜娌诲尯銆佺洿杈栧競锛70瀹躲備粠澧冨唴鐢熶骇浼佷笟瀹舵暟鏉ョ湅锛屽北涓滅渷鍜屾睙鑻忕渷鏄櫥璁扮敇钖敤鑽敓浜т紒涓氭渶澶氱殑鐪佷唤锛屽苟鍒楃涓锛屽悇鏈11瀹讹紝鍚堣鍗犳瘮31%锛涢檿瑗跨渷鍜屽畨寰界渷鍚5瀹讹紝骞跺垪绗笁锛涘箍涓滐紙4瀹讹級銆佹渤鍖楋紙4瀹讹級銆佸洓宸濓紙4瀹讹級銆佹禉姹燂紙4瀹讹級鍜岄噸搴嗭紙3瀹讹級鐨勪紒涓氬鏁板潎瓒呰繃2瀹躲傞櫎浜嗗鍐呯敓浜т紒涓氬锛岃繕鏈1瀹剁憺澹紒涓氾紙鐟炲＋鍏堟杈句綔鐗╀繚鎶ゆ湁闄愬叕鍙革級涔熷湪涓浗杩涜浜嗙敇钖娇鐢ㄥ啘鑽骇鍝佺殑鐧昏銆傜敇钖敤鑽櫥璁伴鍏堢渷浠界殑浠ｈ〃浼佷笟鎯呭喌瑙佽〃13銆 

鍓嶆櫙灞曟湜

浠庡浗澶栫敇钖敤鑽潵鐪嬶紝鐩涗骇鐢樿柉鐨勫嵃搴﹀凹瑗夸簹銆佸凹鏃ュ埄浜氥佸潶妗戝凹浜氥佷箤骞茶揪銆侀煩鍥姐佸嵃搴︺佸反瑗裤佹棩鏈侀煩鍥姐佽秺鍗椼佽彶寰嬪銆佸崲鏃鸿揪銆佺編鍥姐佸瓱鍔犳媺銆佷縿缃楁柉銆佸姞鎷垮ぇ銆佸彜宸淬佷互鑹插垪銆佹境澶у埄浜氥侀樋鏍瑰环銆佸搱钀ㄥ厠鏂潶銆佸反甯冧簹鏂板嚑鍐呬簹銆侀樋灏斿強鍒╀簹鍜屾嘲鍥界瓑鍥藉閮藉彲鎴愪负鎴戝浗鍐滆嵂浼佷笟鍑哄彛鐩爣鍥姐傚綋鍓嶏紝鍥藉鍙戝睍鐨勯緳鐏寲瀛︺佹鼎灏旂鎶銆佸悏缈斿啘鍖栥佸崕鏄熷寲宸ャ佷赴涔愬啘鍖栥佸箍搴疯偂浠姐佷竷娲茶偂浠界瓑涓浗鍐滆嵂浼佷笟锛屽湪绋冲畾鐜版湁鍐滆嵂鍑哄彛甯傚満鐨勫悓鏃讹紝搴旀姄浣忓浗澶栫敇钖骇涓氶渶瑕佸啘鑽繘琛屼繚鎶ょ殑鏈洪亣锛岃皨鍒掑叏鐞冪敇钖敤鑽競鍦哄竷灞锛屼笌鐟炴绉戞妧銆佺綉鑱旂櫥璁板挩璇㈢瓑鍐滆嵂鐧昏鏈嶅姟鏈烘瀯鑱斿悎灞曞紑鍥藉唴澶栧啘鑽櫥璁颁簨鍔★紝鍔犲揩EX鍐滆嵂鐧昏鍜屾壒鍑嗚繘鍙ｅ啘鑽櫥璁板伐浣滐紝鍔姏鏋勫缓鎴戝浗鍐滆嵂鏈嶅姟鍏ㄧ悆鐢樿柉浜т笟鍙戝睍鏂版牸灞銆

浠庡浗鍐呯敇钖敤鑽潵鐪嬶紝鎴戝浗3澶х敇钖骇鍖轰娇鐢ㄥ啘鑽竴鐩存槸鍒氭ч渶姹傦紝鐢樿柉鐢ㄨ嵂鐧昏鎻愬崌绌洪棿姣旇緝澶с備笖闅忕潃绉嶆鐢樿柉鐢熶骇鑰呰ˉ璐淬佷娇鐢ㄧ敓鐗╁啘鑽ˉ璐寸瓑澶氶」鏀跨瓥鐨勫埄濂斤紝灏ゅ叾鏄棿浣溿佸绉嶇豢鑹叉湁鏈虹敇钖敯鐢ㄨ嵂寮哄姴澧為暱锛屼互鍙婄敇钖敯鏈夊鐢熺墿閲嶅彂銆侀鍙戙佸鍙戦渶瑕佸啘鑽繚鎶わ紝鍔犱箣楂樻晥浣庢瘨銆佸啘鑽柊鍝佺鍜岀敓鐗╁啘鑽殑骞挎硾浣跨敤锛岀壒鍒槸璇辨潃鍦颁笅瀹宠櫕鐨勯绮掑墏銆佸紩璇遍鍙跺铏殑鎬т俊鎭礌绛夐潪鍠烽浘鍐滆嵂澧為暱杩涚▼浼氬姞蹇紝鐮旂┒琛ㄦ槑鏈潵鍥藉唴鐢樿柉浣跨敤鍐滆嵂鐨勬婚噺浼氬钩绋冲闀匡紝鐢樿柉鐢ㄨ嵂鐧昏浼氭槑鏄句笂鍗囷紝鍏跺彂灞曞墠鏅湅濂姐

瀛樺湪闂鍜屽彂灞曞缓璁

1.浜у搧渚涚粰涓嶅厖瓒

杩戝勾鏉ワ紝鐢樿柉浣跨敤鍐滆嵂鐧昏浜у搧鎬婚噺缂撴參澧為暱锛屼絾鐢樿柉浣跨敤鍐滆嵂鐧昏浜у搧鏁板湪鍏ㄥ浗鍐滆嵂鐧昏鎬绘暟鐨勫崰姣斿亸灏忥紝浠呭崰0.0019%锛屼笉鑳芥弧瓒崇粺闃茬粺娌绘湇鍔＄粍缁囧拰鍐滄皯瀵圭敇钖敤鑽殑闇姹傘

浠庝骇鍝佺粨鏋勬潵鐪嬶紝浠ユ潃鑿屽墏鍜屾潃铏墏涓轰富鐨勪骇鍝佺粨鏋勫凡涓嶈兘閫傚簲缁熼槻缁熸不鏈嶅姟缁勭粐鍜屽啘姘戝鐢樿柉浣跨敤鍐滆嵂缁撴瀯鍗囩骇鐨勯渶姹傦紝浜у搧缁撴瀯浜氶渶杩涗竴姝ヤ紭鍖栵紝涓斾袱鑰呬箣鍜屽崰鐢樿柉鐢ㄥ啘鑽绘暟鐨76%锛岀洰鍓嶇櫥璁扮梾铏鍒嗗埆闆嗕腑鍦ㄧ敇钖粦鏂戠梾銆佺嚎铏(鐥)鍜屽皬璞＄敳銆佸ぉ铔俱佹枩绾瑰铔句笂锛屼骇鍝佸悓璐ㄥ寲鐜拌薄涓ラ噸銆侀夋嫨鎬у樊鎴栨棤閫夋嫨鎬э紝鑿屾牳鐥呫佽蒋鑵愮梾銆侀粦鐐圭梾銆佺柈鐥寸梾銆佽敁鍓茬梾銆佺梾姣掔梾銆佺槦鐥呫佺粏鑿屾ц寧鑵愮梾绛夌梾瀹冲拰铦楃被銆佽湻铚傜被銆佽湻绔欑被銆佸彾铦夌被銆侀噾榫熺被銆佺瀿绫荤瓑鍏朵粬甯歌瀹宠櫕鍧囨棤鐧昏鐨勯槻娌荤敤鑽紝鐢樿柉涓婃鐗╃敓闀胯皟鑺傚墏涓嶈冻锛屽叾鐧昏鍦ㄤ績杩涚敓闀裤佹帶鍒惰棨钄撳強澧炰骇鐨勬湁鏁堟垚鍒嗕粎2绉嶃佷骇鍝2涓紝浣跨敤鏃舵棤閫夋嫨鎬э紝鐢樿柉涓婇櫎鑽夊墏鐩稿缂轰箯锛岀洰鍓嶇櫥璁伴槻娌绘潅鑽変富瑕侀泦涓湪涓骞寸敓鏉傝崏銆佷竴骞寸敓绂炬湰绉戞潅鑽夊強閮ㄥ垎灏忕矑绉嶅瓙闃斿彾鏉傝崏涓婏紝鍙変骇鍝佽寖鍥村崟涓锛屽奖鍝嶉櫎鑽夊墏鐨勮疆鎹娇鐢紝鎴栧姞鍓ч儴鍒嗘潅鑽夌殑鎶楄嵂鎬т骇鐢燂紝缁垫灒鍎裤佽挷鍏嫳鍒哄効鑿溿佺传鑼庢辰鍏般佽姯鑻辫彍銆佹暎鐢熸湪璐笺佽妭鑺傝崏銆佺瑪绠¤崏銆佺敯鏃嬭姳銆佹墦纰楄姳銆侀暱鍙惰溅鍓嶃侀箙缁掕棨銆佺墰绻佺紩绛夊骞寸敓鏉傝崏浠嶆棤鑽彲鐢紝宸茬櫥璁伴櫎鑽夊墏涓嶈兘婊¤冻鐢熶骇涓婇槻闄よ嫙楹汇侀噹鐕曢害銆佺瘒钃勭瓑澶х矑鏉傝崏鐨勭敤鑽渶姹傘傚缓璁啘鑽櫥璁扮鐞嗛儴闂ㄥ寮曚紒涓氱櫥璁版柟鍚戯紝淇冭繘鐢樿柉浣跨敤鍐滆嵂浜у搧缁撴瀯銆佸啘鑽搧绉嶅拰闃叉不瀵硅薄鍧囪　鍙戝睍锛屾敼鍙樻潃鑿屾潃铏墏浜у搧姣斾緥杩囬珮銆佸搧绉嶇浉瀵瑰崟涓鐨灞闈紝浼樺寲鍐滆嵂浜у搧缁撴瀯銆

浠庣敇钖敤鑽儏鍐电湅锛岀敇钖笂鍐滆嵂鍝佺鏄庢樉璐逛箯銆侀槻娌诲璞″彲閫夋嫨鎬у樊鎴栨棤鑽彲鐢ㄣ佹槗浜х敓鎶楄嵂鎬с侀珮鍗遍闄╁啘鑽拰浼犵粺鍓傚瀷澶氥佸啘鑽柊鍝佺鍜岀敓鐗╁啘鑽佹贩鍓傚お灏戠瓑涓绯诲垪闂锛屽凡鎴愪负鍒剁害鐫鎴戝浗鐢樿柉浜т笟楂樿川閲忓彂灞曠殑閲嶈鍥犵礌銆傛晠寤鸿鍐滆嵂鐧昏绠＄悊閮ㄩ棬鍑哄彴鐢樿柉浣跨敤鍐滆嵂涓撻」闃舵鎬у噺鍏嶇櫥璁板埗搴︼紝鍑忚交鍐滆嵂浼佷笟鐨勮礋鎷咃紝闄嶄綆鐢樿柉涓婂啘鑽櫥璁版垚鏈紝鍔╁姏鐢樿柉涓婂啘鑽櫥璁版暟閲忚繀鐚涘闀匡紝纭繚鐢樿柉浜т笟鍙寔缁仴搴峰彂灞曘

2. 楂樺嵄鍐滆嵂鍝佺澶

鐩墠锛岀敇钖笂鍥犻珯姣掑強瀵逛汉浣撳仴搴锋垨鐢熸佺幆澧冭屾湁椋庨櫓鐨勬湁鏁堟垚鍒52涓傛澶栵紝绗旇呯爺绌跺彂鐜帮紝2002骞5鏈24鏃ュ啘涓氶儴鍙戝竷绗199鍙峰叕鍛娿婂啘涓氶儴鍏竷鍥藉鏄庝护绂佹浣跨敤鐨勫啘鑽拰涓嶅緱鍦ㄨ敩鑿滄灉鏍戣尪鍙朵腑鑽夎嵂鏉愪笂浣跨敤鐨勯珮姣掑啘鑽搧绉嶆竻鍗曘嬶紝娑曠伃濞佺瓑19绉嶉珮姣掑啘鑽笉寰楃敤浜庤敩鑿溿佹灉鏍戙佽尪鍙躲佷腑鑽夎嵂鏉愪笂锛2013骞12鏈18鏃ュ啘涓氶儴鍙戝竷绗2032鍙峰叕鍛娿婂啘涓氶儴瀵规隘纾洪殕銆佽兒鑻：闅嗐佺敳纾洪殕銆佺缇庤儌銆佺缇庣敳鑳傘佹瘨姝昏湵鍜屼笁鍞戠７绛7绉嶅啘鑽噰鍙栬繘涓姝ョ闄愮敤绠＄悊鎺柦銆嬶紝鑷2014骞12鏈31鏃ヨ捣锛屾挙閿姣掓铚卞拰涓夊攽纾峰湪钄彍涓婄殑鐧昏锛岃嚜2016骞12鏈31鏃ヨ捣锛岀姝㈡瘨姝昏湵鍜屼笁鍞戠７鍦ㄨ敩鑿滀笂浣跨敤锛2017骞7鏈14鏃ュ啘涓氶儴绗2552鍙峰叕鍛娿婂啘涓氶儴瀵圭～涓广佹捍鐢茬兎銆佷箼閰扮敳鑳虹７銆佷竵纭厠鐧惧▉銆佷箰鏋滅瓑5绉嶅啘鑽噰鍙栫鐞嗘帾鏂姐嬶紝鑷2017骞8鏈1鏃ヨ捣锛屾挙閿涓佺～鍏嬬櫨濞併佷箰鏋滐紙鍖呮嫭鍗曞墏銆佸閰嶅埗鍓傦級鐢ㄤ簬钄彍绛変綔鐗╃殑鍐滆嵂鐧昏锛屸︹﹁嚜2019骞8鏈1鏃ヨ捣锛岀姝箼閰扮敳鑳虹７銆佷竵纭厠鐧惧▉銆佷箰鏋滃湪钄彍銆佺摐鏋溿佽尪鍙躲佽弻绫诲拰涓崏鑽潗浣滅墿涓婁娇鐢ㄣ傜劧鑰岋紝鐢樿柉鏄竴绉嶇伯椋熶綔鐗╋紝涔熸槸钖被钄彍锛屾槑浠ょ姝簡涓佺～鍏嬬櫨濞併佷箰鏋溿佹稌鐏▉銆佷笁鍞戠７4绉嶅啘鑽湪钄彍锛堢敇钖級涓婁笉寰椾娇鐢紝浣嗚繖4绉嶅啘鑽粛鍦ㄧ敇钖娇鐢ㄥ啘鑽櫥璁颁箣涓紝鏁呭缓璁悇绾у啘鑽櫥璁扮鐞嗛儴闂ㄤ弗鏍兼墽娉曪紝鎴栧缓绔嬪垎鏈熷垎鎵瑰垎闃舵娣樻卑鏈夋晥鎴愬垎娓呭崟鐩綍锛屼篃鍙嚭鍙颁竴涓挙閿锛堟挙鍥烇級涓佺～鍏嬬櫨濞併佷箰鏋溿佹稌鐏▉銆佷笁鍞戠７绛4绉嶅啘鑽湪钄彍锛堢敇钖級涓婄殑鐧昏璇併佺敓浜ц鍙瘉锛堢敓浜ф壒鍑嗘枃浠讹級锛屽仠姝㈢敓浜т笂杩伴珮鍗卞啘鑽紝鍚屾椂鍔╂帹鏇夸唬绂侀檺鐢ㄥ啘鑽搧绉嶇櫥璁般

3. 鍐滆嵂鏈澶ф畫鐣欓檺閲忔爣鍑嗗緟瀹屽杽

涓轰績杩涚敇钖骇鍝佽繘鍑哄彛璐告槗锛屽垏瀹炰繚鎶や汉姘戣韩浣撳仴搴凤紝銆婇鍝佸畨鍏ㄥ浗瀹舵爣鍑 椋熷搧涓啘鑽渶澶ф畫鐣欓檺閲忋嬶紙GB 2763-2021锛変腑瑙勫畾浜119绉嶆畫鐣欑墿鍦ㄧ敇钖紙鏍硅寧绫诲拰钖妺绫昏敩鑿滐級涓殑鏈澶ф畫鐣欓檺閲忔爣鍑嗭紝鍖呮嫭16绉嶅凡鍦ㄦ垜鍥界敇钖笂鐧昏鐨勫啘鑽51绉嶆湭鐧昏鍐滆嵂鍜52绉嶇闄愮敤鍙婇珮鍗遍闄╁啘鑽

119绉嶆畫鐣欑墿鐨勬渶澶ф畫鐣欓檺閲忓泭鎷簡鐢樿柉鐢熶骇涓婄殑甯哥敤鑽紝闄よ嫃浜戦噾鏉嗚弻璞佸厤鍒跺畾椋熷搧涓渶澶ф畫鐣欓檺閲忔爣鍑嗗锛屼粛鏈夋隘鍖栬儐纰便佺伃鑽夋澗銆佸攽鍢х：鑽夎兒銆佷箼钂滅礌銆佽皟鐜吀閽欍佺儻鏁堝攽銆佺簿鍠圭鐏点佸鑿岀伒銆佸ぇ钂滅礌绛夊啘鑽湁鏁堟垚鍒嗘畫鐣欑墿鐨勬渶澶ф畫鐣欓檺閲忔湭缁欏嚭锛岃繖涓虹敇钖殑瀹夊叏鐢熶骇鐣欎笅浜嗛殣鎮ｏ紝鏁呭缓璁湁鍏抽儴闂ㄥ畬鍠勭敇钖笂鍐滆嵂鏈澶ф畫鐣欓檺閲忔爣鍑嗭紝淇濊瘉鎴戝浗鐢樿柉浜у搧楂樿川閲忓彂灞曪紝鍒囧疄淇濋殰浜烘皯缇や紬鈥宠垖灏栦笂鐨勫畨鍏ㄢ炽

锛堟潵婧愶細涓栫晫鍐滃寲缃戯級